HCV Basics

Hepatitis C is a viral infection that primarily affects the liver. It is spread through contact with infected blood, most commonly through sharing needles or other injection equipment, unsterilized tattoo or piercing tools, and, less commonly, through sexual contact or from a mother to her baby during childbirth. Many people with Hepatitis C experience few or no symptoms for years, which can allow the disease to progress unnoticed.

If left untreated, Hepatitis C can cause serious liver damage, including cirrhosis, liver failure, and liver cancer. Fortunately, modern treatments are highly effective and can cure more than 95% of cases, often within 8 to 12 weeks. Early testing and diagnosis are critical to preventing long-term health complications.

People at higher risk, including individuals who inject drugs, should be tested regularly. Safe injection practices, routine screening, and access to treatment are key tools in reducing the spread of Hepatitis C and improving public health.